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　　1 项目来源与背景

　　1. Project Source and Background

　　煤炭、化工和金属冶炼公司,在生产过程中,会产生大量炼化尾气。这些尾气中大都含有氢气、一氧化碳、少量甲烷,还有其它一些烃类等可燃成分。以焦炉煤气为例,有关专家指出,中国的钢铁生产能力在进行战略调整的同时,仍有较大的发展空间。这意味着目前作为钢铁生产必不可缺的焦化产业仍具有广阔的发展前景。据不完全统计,年直接空排或空烧的炼焦煤气达到200亿立方米以上,相当于西气东送工程的年输气量。随着西气东送工程的实施,由于焦炉煤气与天然气的不可比性,国内目前管道煤气30～40％将被管道天然气取代,一些焦化公司的煤气将逐渐退出民用领域,这又意味着更多的煤气无地可去。焦炉煤气的主要成分为氢气和甲烷,排往空中无疑将使生态环境遭到破坏。 炼化尾气气体成分复杂,尤其是易燃易爆的高氢尾气,公司再利用度低,绝大部分都直接排空放散或者通过火炬烧掉,造成极大的环境污染和资源浪费。在当今提倡环保和节约的社会形势下,工业炼化尾气如何寻求合理的利用方式,变废为宝,提高公司效益,变成一个亟待解决的问题。 淄博淄柴新能源有限公司自主研发的高氢炼化尾气发电机组,以氢气含量高的焦炉煤气、电石尾气、兰炭气等为原料,驱动发动机带动发电机工作。该型机组通过针对性的设计,使整机性能得到充分发挥。与同类产物相比具有明显优势：具备功率大、可靠性高、物料消耗省、各缸排气温度较低、易维护等特点,机组各技术指标已处于国际先进、国内领先地位。500kW高氢炼化尾气发电机组的成功研发,将为炼化尾气在内燃发电行业的应用提供新的思路,必将推动炼化尾气在内燃发电行业的快速发展。

　　Coal, chemical, and metal smelting enterprises generate a large amount of refining exhaust gas during the production process. Most of these exhaust gases contain combustible components such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, a small amount of methane, and other hydrocarbons. Taking coke oven gas as an example, experts point out that while China's steel production capacity is undergoing strategic adjustments, there is still significant room for development. This means that the coking industry, which is essential for steel production, still has broad development prospects. According to incomplete statistics, the annual direct discharge or combustion of coking gas exceeds 20 billion cubic meters, which is equivalent to the annual gas transmission volume of the West East Gas Pipeline Project. With the implementation of the West East Gas Transmission Project, due to the incomparability between coke oven gas and natural gas, 30-40% of pipeline gas in China will be replaced by pipeline natural gas. Some coking enterprises' gas will gradually withdraw from the civilian field, which means that more gas has nowhere to go. The main components of coke oven gas are hydrogen and methane, and discharging them into the air will undoubtedly damage the ecological environment. The gas composition of refining tail gas is complex, especially the highly flammable and explosive high hydrogen tail gas, which has low enterprise reuse. The vast majority of it is directly discharged or burned through torches, causing great environmental pollution and resource waste. In today's society that advocates environmental protection and conservation, how to seek reasonable utilization of industrial refining exhaust gas, turn waste into treasure, and improve enterprise efficiency has become an urgent problem to be solved. The high hydrogen refining tail gas generator set independently developed by Zibo Zichai New Energy Co., Ltd. uses high hydrogen content coke oven gas, calcium carbide tail gas, orchid charcoal gas and other raw materials to drive the engine and generator to work. This type of unit achieves full performance through targeted design. Compared with similar products, it has obvious advantages: it has the characteristics of high power, high reliability, low material consumption, low exhaust temperature of each cylinder, and easy maintenance. The technical indicators of the unit are already in an internationally advanced and domestically leading position. The successful development of a 500kW high hydrogen refining tail gas generator set will provide new ideas for the application of refining tail gas in the internal combustion power generation industry, and will undoubtedly promote the rapid development of refining tail gas in the internal combustion power generation industry.

　　2 项目的目的与意义

　　The purpose and significance of the two projects

　　随着石油资源的逐渐枯竭和全球环境的恶化,世界各国不得不寻找其它储量丰富、廉价、低污染的代用燃料。另外,随着中国天然气的开发、“西气东送”工程的启动和大量独立冶炼公司的建设,炼化尾气已开始出现过剩,且因成分复杂难以回收利用,多数公司直接将其排空放散,造成资源的浪费和环境的污染。以炼化尾气为原料代替昂贵而又紧张的石油、天然气等资源的燃气发电设备的开发利用,能够降低对石油、天然气等能源的依赖,提高经济效益,同时又可极大消除对环境的污染。因此,该项目的实施具备极大的市场需求潜力,市场推广前景广阔。 高氢炼化尾气发电机组将300系列机型固有优势与进气系统内混新技术相结合,大胆进行技术创新,并通过实践验证,机组功率高、稳定性好、安全可靠、技术成熟。该系列机组为非增压自然吸气式直列机,额定转速600r/min,额定功率500kW,高、中、低压输出皆可。该发电技术取得行业内重大突破,技术水平达到国际先进,同时该机型的开发符合国家的能源产业政策,带有很强的技术前瞻性,具备极大的市场需求潜力。

　　With the gradual depletion of oil resources and the deterioration of the global environment, countries around the world have to seek alternative fuels that are abundant in reserves, cheap, and low polluting. In addition, with the development of natural gas in China, the launch of the "West East Gas Transmission" project, and the construction of a large number of independent smelting enterprises, there has been an excess of refining tail gas, which is difficult to recycle due to its complex composition. Most enterprises directly discharge it, causing waste of resources and environmental pollution. The development and utilization of gas-fired power generation equipment using refined exhaust gas as raw material to replace expensive and scarce resources such as oil and natural gas can reduce dependence on energy such as oil and natural gas, improve economic efficiency, and greatly eliminate environmental pollution. Therefore, the implementation of this project has great potential for market demand and broad prospects for market promotion. The high hydrogen refining tail gas generator unit combines the inherent advantages of the 300 series models with the new mixed technology in the intake system, boldly innovates the technology, and has been verified through practice to have high power, good stability, safety and reliability, and mature technology. This series of units is a non pressurized naturally aspirated inline unit with a rated speed of 600r/min and a rated power of 500kW. It can output high, medium, and low voltage. This power generation technology has achieved significant breakthroughs in the industry, reaching an internationally advanced level of technology. At the same time, the development of this model is in line with the national energy industry policy, with strong technological foresight and great market demand potential.

　　3 主要技术创新点

　　3 main technological innovation points

　　自主开发单缸可控内混式进气系统,实现燃气与空气的缸外隔绝、缸内混合燃烧,有效避免利用该类高氢燃气时易发生的回火、放炮现象。同时,各缸燃气进气量可分别单独控制,保证各缸进气均匀性,机组运行更加稳定。通过适应性地开发关键技术,采取的阻火、防爆、防泄漏等燃气安全利用措施齐全、可靠,开发的炼化尾气发电机组可适用氢气含量高达60%的燃气,解决了焦炉煤气、电石尾气、兰炭气等高含氢量可燃气体内燃发电的技术难题。 同时,定制开发自动化控制和远程监控系统,能够实现燃气发电机组及其外围配套设备的快速反应、一键启动、自动合闸、自动加载等自动化功能,方便远程监控操作。该系统可根据气源变化及时调整燃气发电机组的运行状况,实现无人值守,操作更加便捷,运行更加平稳。

　　We have independently developed a single cylinder controllable internal hybrid intake system, which achieves the isolation of gas and air outside the cylinder and the mixing combustion inside the cylinder, effectively avoiding the backfire and blasting phenomena that are prone to occur when using this type of high hydrogen gas. At the same time, the gas intake of each cylinder can be controlled separately to ensure the uniformity of intake and more stable operation of the unit. By adaptively developing key technologies and adopting complete and reliable measures for gas safety utilization such as fire prevention, explosion prevention, and leak prevention, the developed refining tail gas generator set can be applied to gas with a hydrogen content of up to 60%, solving the technical problem of internal combustion power generation of high hydrogen content combustible gases such as coke oven gas, calcium carbide tail gas, and blue carbon gas. At the same time, customized development of automation control and remote monitoring systems can achieve automation functions such as rapid response, one key start, automatic closing, and automatic loading of gas generator sets and their peripheral supporting equipment, facilitating remote monitoring operations. This system can adjust the operation status of the gas generator set in a timely manner according to changes in the gas source, achieving unmanned operation, more convenient operation, and smoother operation.

　　4 社会经济效益

　　4 Social and Economic Benefits

　　该项目的推广应用对于建立可持续发展的能源系统,缓解电力压力,有效降低对昂贵而又紧张的石油等不可再生资源的依赖程度,提高经济效益,同时又可消除炼化尾气排空对环境造成的污染,对促进社会经济的发展和生态环境的改善具有重要意义。该产物的产业化不仅可带动余热锅炉、发电机、电气控制柜等配套厂家的经济,同时还可拉动当地农民就业,经济效益、社会效益和生态效益显着。

　　The promotion and application of this project is of great significance for establishing a sustainable energy system, alleviating power pressure, effectively reducing dependence on expensive and scarce non renewable resources such as oil, improving economic benefits, and eliminating environmental pollution caused by refining exhaust emissions. It is of great significance for promoting social and economic development and improving the ecological environment. The industrialization of this product can not only drive the economy of supporting manufacturers such as waste heat boilers, generators, and electrical control cabinets, but also stimulate local farmers' employment, with significant economic, social, and ecological benefits.

　　5 存在的问题和改进意见

　　5 Existing Problems and Improvement Suggestions

　　目前,500kW高氢炼化尾气发电机组单机功率较低,无法满足大规模发电利用工程建设的需求。 研发团队还将继续致力于优化机组性能,提升机组运行功率,或者开发更大功率机型,以适应更加广阔的市场需求。

　　At present, the single unit power of 500kW high hydrogen refining tail gas generator set is relatively low, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale power generation and utilization engineering construction. The R&D team will continue to work on optimizing unit performance, improving unit operating power, or developing larger power models to meet broader market demands.

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